Description:
Long residue, also known as bunker fuel oil, is a heavy, residual petroleum product primarily used in marine vessels, industrial heating, and power generation. It is the leftover fraction from crude oil refining after lighter fuels like gasoline and diesel have been extracted. This high-viscosity fuel provides cost-effective energy for large engines and boilers that require slow-burning, high-energy fuels.
Bunker fuel is commonly categorized into different grades based on viscosity and sulfur content. Modern formulations include low-sulfur bunker fuels (VLSFO) to meet global emission standards set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
Available Grades:
- IFO 180 (Intermediate Fuel Oil 180): Used in medium-speed marine engines.
- IFO 380 (Intermediate Fuel Oil 380): Preferred for large slow-speed marine engines.
- VLSFO (Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil): Low-emission alternative complying with IMO 2020 regulations.
- HFO (High Sulfur Fuel Oil): Used in permitted industrial applications.
Specifications:
- Viscosity: 180-380 cSt at 50°C (varies by grade)
- Sulfur Content: ≤ 0.50% (VLSFO), ≤ 3.50% (HFO – as per regulatory compliance)
- Density at 15°C: 0.91-0.99 g/cm³
- Flash Point: ≥ 60°C
- Calorific Value: 39-42 MJ/kg
- Standard Compliance: ISO 8217, MARPOL Annex VI, ASTM D396
Applications:
- Marine Industry: Primary fuel for cargo ships, oil tankers, and cruise liners.
- Power Generation: Used in large-scale industrial boilers and power plants.
- Industrial Heating: Provides heat energy for manufacturing processes.
- Refinery Operations: Used as feedstock for further processing into secondary products.
Long residue/bunker fuel oil is a critical energy source for industries that require high-energy, cost-effective fuel solutions. Its efficiency in large-scale operations ensures optimal performance for shipping, power plants, and heavy industrial applications.